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Taj Mahal
The Taj Mahal is an ivory-white marble mausoleum on the south bank of the Yamuna River in the Indian city of Agra. It was commissioned in 1632 by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan (ruled from 1628 to 1658) to house the mausoleum of his favorite wife Mumtaz Mahal. The mausoleum is the centerpiece of a 17-hectare (42-acre) complex, which includes a mosque and a guest house, and is set in a formal garden surrounded by an unreinforced wall on three sides. Construction of the mausoleum was essentially completed in 1643 but work continued on other phases of the project for another 10 years. The Taj Mahal complex is believed to have been fully completed in 1653 at an estimated cost of around ₹32 million, which would be around ₹52.8 billion (US$827 million) in 2015. The construction project employed approximately 20,000 artisans under the guidance of a board of architects led by the court architect to the emperor, Ustad Ahmed Lahauri. The Taj Mahal was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983, “the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage”. It is considered by many to be the finest example of Mughal architecture and a symbol of India's rich history. The Taj Mahal attracts 7-8 million visitors annually. In 2007, it was declared the winner of the New 7 Wonders of the World (2000–2007) initiative.
Taj Mahal is considered a symbol of love
The beauty of Taj Mahal is hidden in its elaborate mausoleum as well as its architecture, vastness and beautiful carvings. It is a unique achievement of high art and is considered a symbol of culture, historicity and love. Its shape, ideally mirrored configuration and luminous quadrilateral structure make it a great architectural adornment. Taj Mahal is a beautiful attraction and is visited by millions of tourists every year to enjoy the beauty and importance of this great historical mausoleum.
How many years did it take to build the Taj Mahal?
It took a total of about 22 years to build the Taj Mahal. The construction work started in 1632 AD and was completed in 1653 AD. During this, approximately 20,000 labourers, craftsmen, architects and artisans contributed. It has been painstakingly and painstakingly built over a long period of time, making it a perfect architectural masterpiece.
What is the full name of Taj Mahal
The full name of Taj Mahal is "Diwan-i-Khas-i-Khusro". This mausoleum was built in the memory of Mumtaz Mahal, wife of Mughal emperor Shahjahan. It is also known as "Taj Mahal" in English. "Taj" means "Taj Mahal" and "Mahal" means "mausoleum" or "palace". It means "Taj's mausoleum" or "Taj's palace". It is one of the major heritage sites of India and is considered as the most amazing architectural decoration of the world.
How old is Taj Mahal now?
Let us tell you that the construction of Taj Mahal was completed in 1653 AD. With this, at present i.e. in the year 2023, it has been almost 370 years since the construction of Taj Mahal. It is one of the most famous tourist destinations in India and is famous worldwide due to its great architectural style, beauty and historical importance.
What time does Taj Mahal open?
Taj Mahal remains open from morning till evening. It opens during normal hours, which means you can visit it from 6:00 am to 6:30 pm. Note that the Taj Mahal is open from Wednesday to Friday and all other mausoleums except the Tomb of Allahuddin Azam Khan are open on Saturdays.
by Air
It takes 12 minutes to travel from Taj Mahal to Kheria Airport. The approximate driving distance between Taj Mahal and Kheria Airport is 10 km.
by Train
There is a good network of trains connecting Agra to the rest of the country. Apart from the main railway station at Agra Cantonment, there are also two other stations at Raja-ki-Mandi and Agra Fort. The main trains connecting Agra with Delhi are Palace on Wheels, Shatabdi, Rajdhani and Taj Express.
by road and car
There are regular bus services from Agra to many important cities. There are many buses running from Idgah and ISBT bus stand to Delhi, Jaipur, Mathura, Fatehpur-Sikri etc. If you are coming from Delhi to Agra, you can hire a taxi.
Chittorgarh
Chittorgarh Fort is the largest fort in India. It is located in Chittorgarh, Rajasthan. The fort of Chittorgarh was built by the emperor Chitrangada Maurya of the Maurya dynasty. It is a World Heritage Site. Chittor was the capital of Mewar. It is witness to the bloodiest battles in history. It has witnessed three great legends and some of the most heroic acts of bravery that are still sung by local singers. Chittor Fort was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site on June 21, 2013. Chittor Fort is also called the pride of Rajasthan and the crown of all the forts of Rajasthan.
Historicity and construction
According to historians, this fort was built by the Mauryan dynasty king Chitrangad Maurya in the seventh century and named it Chitrakoot in his name. The name Chitrakoot is found inscribed on one side of the ancient coins of Mewar. Later it came to be known as Chittor. It is situated on the plateau of Mesa. In 738, Raja Bappa Rawal defeated Manmori, the last ruler of the Maurya dynasty that ruled Rajputana, and captured this fort. Then Parmar king Munj of Malwa snatched it from the Guhilvanshis and annexed it to his kingdom. Thus in the 9th-10th century it was under the control of the Paramaras. In 1133, Solanki king Jaisingh (Siddharaj) of Gujarat defeated Yashovarman and snatched Malwa from the Paramaras, due to which the fort of Chittorgarh also came under the control of Solankis. Subsequently, King Samant Singh of Chittorgarh re-established the supremacy of Guhilvanshis around the year 1174 by entering into a marital relationship with Ajaypal, the nephew of Jai Singh's successor Kumarpal. This king Samant Singh got married to Prithviraj Chauhan's sister Prithvibai. Samant Singh died in the second battle of Tarain. After the destruction of Nagda by Iltutmish from 1213 to 1252, Raja Jaitra Singh ruled here from his capital Chittor. In 1303, Rawal Ratan Singh fought with Alauddin Khilji. The battle became famous by the name of Pratham Shaka of Chittor. Alauddin Khilji was victorious in this battle and he handed over the kingdom to his son Khizr Khan. On his return, Khizr Khan handed over the rule of Chittor to Kanhadev's brother Maldev. It is a bit difficult to say anything definitely about time. According to a legend, Bhai Bhim, the second leader of Pandavas, had built it about 5000 years ago. The popular story in this regard is that once Bhima went out in search of wealth, he met a Yogi Nirbhayanath and a Yeti Kukadeshwar on the way. Bhima asked Yogi for the Philosopher's Stone, which Yogi agreed to give on the condition that he would build a fort at this hilly place overnight. With the help of his brothers Shaurya and Devroop, Bhima had almost completed this work, only a little work of the southern part was left. Deceit took place in Yogi's heart and he asked Yeti to crow in the voice of a cock, so that Bhima would think it was morning and stop the construction work and he would not have to give the Philosopher's Stone. As soon as Bhima heard the crowing of the cock, he got angry and in anger he kicked one of his feet on the ground, due to which a big pit was formed there, which people also know by the name of Lat Talab. The place where Bhima's knee rested is called Bhima-Ghodi. The pond on which Yeti crowed is called Kukadeshwar. Rana Hammir, a descendant of Bappa Rawal and the founder of the Sisodia dynasty (which is a branch of the Guhil dynasty), again captured this fort from Maldev. Hamir was very brave and far-sighted. He ruled here with great ability for 50 years and expanded his kingdom. Due to his efforts, the glory of Chittor could be re-established. And in 1538, Chittor was attacked by Bahadur Shah of Gujarat who established the state of Rhode. This war is known as the second Shaka of Mewar. In 1567, the third Shaka of Mewar took place, in which Akbar attacked Chittor. All these Muslim attacks are one of the main reasons for the cultural destruction of Chittorgarh. Only after the third Shaka, in 1559, Maharana Udai Singh shifted the capital of Mewar from Chittor and established it near Pichola Lake in the middle of Aravali, which is today known as Udaipur.
Jewelers of Chittor
The first Jauhar was performed under the leadership of Queen Pidmani Raghuvanshi in 1303 during the attack of Alauddin Khilji during the reign of Rawal Ratan Singh. The second Jauhar took place on March 8, 1534 AD under the leadership of Queen Karnavati during the invasion of Gujarat ruler Bahadur Shah during the reign of Rana Vikramaditya. The third Jauhar was performed under the leadership of Phool Kanwar, wife of Patta Sisodia, during Akbar's attack during the reign of Rana Udai Singh on 25 February 1568.
Importance of Chittorgarh as capital from strategic point of view
Chittorgarh Fort has always held a special significance in Rajputana. It has the honor of being the first capital of the Guhilvanshis of Mewar, which they captured after defeating Manmoni, the last ruler of the Maurya dynasty. This fort is built in length from north to south on the Aravali hill, in which due to the flat land in between, a pond, pond, temple, palace etc. have all been built from time to time under a certain construction plan. There are some reservoirs which have been continuously used as a source of water supply. There is a popular saying regarding this fort which tells the importance of this fort.
Garh is Chittorgarh and all are Garhaiya.
In fact, the construction of this fort still fills us with awe and thrill. But looking at it from a strategic point of view, it becomes clear that due to its geographical reasons this fort was not suitable for war like forts like Ranthambore and Kubhalgarh. Undoubtedly the fort was strong. There was a row of vertical rocks along the side of the hill, on top of which a tall and strong structure was built. At the same time, seven consecutive doors were built at certain intervals to enter the fort. Due to all these reasons it was very difficult for the enemies to enter the fort.
Bikaner
'Desert ship' means camel. The world's largest camel research and breeding center is in Bikaner. Bikaner was founded in 1488 AD by Rathod prince Rao Bikaji. It is said that Bikaji, one of the five sons of Jodhpur Maharaja Rao Jodha Ji, became angry with his father over some issue and left Jodhpur. After traveling a long distance, he came to a forest named Jangaldesh. It was here that he decided to stay and established his kingdom. He built it as a magnificent city. The rich forts and palaces of Bikaner stand out due to their red color and are still standing with pride even today. A rare model of 'biplane' kept safe in Bikaner (Junagarh Fort) is still a wonder in itself. It was used by the British Army in the First World War and the British gifted it to the then Maharaja Ganga Singh Ji. Another attraction of Bikaner is the sand dunes spread here, which are mainly visible from the north-east to the south. Bikaner, situated in the middle of the Thar Desert of Rajasthan, the northwestern state of India, is called the heart of Rajasthan. Bikaner is one of the most spectacular tourist destinations in Rajasthan. If you explore the history of Bikaner, you will come to know that this state was established during the Mahabharata period, during which time this city was known as Jangal Desh. This city is still surrounded by its old history of Rajputana civilization, culture and historical forts. To know about the beautiful tourist places present in this city, definitely read this article and if you get a chance, definitely visit it.
Tourist Places In Bikaner
Junagarh Fort in Bikaner
The Junagarh Fort of Bikaner is a magnificent structure around which the city of Bikaner has grown up. The fort was initially called Chintamani and then changed its name to Junagarh or Old Fort in the 20th century. The foundation of Junagadh Fort was built by Rao Bika in 1478. However, it existed then as a stone fort. The galleries, lawns and windows of the fort attract the attention of tourists. Karan Mahal, Anup Mahal, Chandra Mahal and Phool Mahal are some of the major attractions here. It is believed that crocodiles were bred in the canal surrounding the impressive fort. The architecture is a good blend of Mughal, Gujarati and Rajput styles and this place is considered to be one of the best places to visit especially in Bikaner.
Karni Mata Temple in Bikaner
Karni Mata Temple, also known as Nari Mata Temple or 'Rat Temple', is a 600-year-old temple located about 30 km from Bikaner in Deshnoke, a small town in Rajasthan. The special thing about this temple is that 25,000 black rats live in this temple and they are worshipped. You may be surprised to know this, but let us tell you, the food eaten by rats is considered very sacred here and later it is served as 'Prasad'. These sacred rats are known as Kabba, and people come from far and wide across the world to see these rats. Karni Mata Temple is also notable for its architecture which is influenced by the Mughal style of construction.
Gajner Palace in Bikaner
Gajner Palace is one of the popular tourist places in Bikaner located on the banks of a lake. The fort was built by Maharaja Ganga Singh Ji, the former ruler of Bikaner province. Gajner Palace used to be a lodge for hunting and holidays in olden times, but was converted into a hotel in 1976. Gajner Palace offers you a variety of vacation activities from boating to desert safari. The entire area is covered with lush green trees, while the magnificent palace offers recreational activities like billiards, lawn tennis, cycling, bird watching and wildlife safaris. The intricately carved pillars, windows and curtains are the major attractions of the palace.
Lalgarh Palace in Bikaner
Lalgarh Palace, a breathtaking Rajasthani palace, is located in the beautiful city of Bikaner, Rajasthan in India. It was built between 1902 and 1926 for the Maharaja of Bikaner, Maharaja Ganga Singh. The palace, built in European architectural style, is now opened to tourists as a heritage hotel and the entire property comes under the National Heritage Trust. The Rajputana design mixed with the interior decoration attracts the tourists coming here. The palace also includes a museum which is located inside Ganga Niwas. Here miniature paintings related to Bikaner art can be seen. Built from red sandstone procured from the Thar Desert, the beautiful structure begins to change color as the evening approaches. Artefacts belonging to the Harappan culture and the Kushan and Gupta eras have also been preserved here.
Rampuria Haveli in Bikaner
Rajasthan, especially Bikaner, is known for its havelis. The wealthy merchants of Bikaner built Rampuriya Havelis over a period of a few hundred years. From doors to windows, every little detail has been given special consideration and cleanliness and hence such a magnificent piece of architecture has been created. This mansion was established by a businessman named Rampuriya and this mansion has been named after him.
Laxmi Niwas Palace in Bikaner
One of the grandest places to visit in Bikaner, Lakshmi Niwas Palace was the former residence of the King of Bikaner, Maharaja Ganga Singh. It was built between 1898 and 1902 by the British architect Sir Samuel Swinton Jacob. Now this palace has been opened to the public. The architectural beauty of the palace and its rich historical and heritage attracts a large number of guests. The grand palace also has a museum, where you can know about the royal things of Bikaner.
Camel Safari Of Bikaner City
Camel safari in Bikaner is a very popular place among tourists. This safari will take you through the beautiful golden sand dunes of the Thar Desert. The region experiences extreme climates in winter and summer. You can find here melodious music, men with colorful turbans and huge mustaches and evenings full of dance and music. Camel safari options in Bikaner are limited and you will have to plan in advance. You can enjoy safari here during sunrise or sunset, as the sand remains less hot during this time. Different packages for safari are available here as per your convenience.
Mount Abu
Mount Abu is the only hill station in Rajasthan, which has left a good impression of its beauty on the tourists. Similarly, there are temples here, whose history and beliefs attract people. Mount Abu is the only hill station of Rajasthan, which is known for its calm and lush green environment. Mount Abu tourist destination is situated on a rocky plateau in the Aravalli range, which is surrounded by dense forests. The cool climate of this place and the view of the plains attract the tourists a lot. Mount Abu is not only famous because of its natural place, but the temples here are also famous across the country.
Mount Abu Temples in Rajasthan
Mount Abu Ka Dilwara Jain
Dilwara Temple, situated amidst the lush green Aravali hills of Mount Abu in Rajasthan, is the most beautiful pilgrimage site for Jains. Designed by Vastupala Tejpal and built by Vimal Shah between the 11th and 13th centuries, this temple is extremely famous for its marble and intricate carvings. From outside, the Dilwara temple looks quite grand, but once you enter inside, you will be attracted by the designing done on the roofs, walls, arches and pillars.
Mount ka Arbuda Devi Temple
Arbuda Devi Temple is considered to be the most sacred pilgrimage site of Mount Abu. Here you can also see the rich heritage of Rajasthan. It is said that a part of the Goddess had fallen here, which was found hanging in the air, due to which the temple is also known as Aadhar Devi Temple. Arbuda Devi is considered to be the incarnation of Katyayani Devi. The temple is a favorite Hindu pilgrimage site and is filled with devotees during the 9 holy days of Navratri.
Shri Raghunath Temple in Mount Abu
Shri Raghunath Temple in Mount Abu is a place that must be on your list of places to visit. Shri Raghunath Ji Temple is a 650-year-old temple on the banks of Nakki Lake in Mount Abu dedicated to the incarnation of Lord Vishnu. This grand temple was built in the 14th century and is mainly visited by Vaishnavas, who are followers of Vishnu religion. It is said that visiting this temple provides relief from all troubles. Talking about the architectural style of the temple, it reflects the heritage of Mewar to a great extent.
Gaumukh Temple in Mount Abu
For devotees, Gaumukh Temple is a major temple in Mount Abu dedicated to Saint Vashishtha, one of the revered saints and Saptarishis of India. According to a legend, Saint Vashishtha performed a yagya here which led to the creation of four major Rajput dynasties. To reach Gaumukh Sthan one has to climb 733 stairs and from there one has to climb 30 more stairs to reach the temple.
Achaleshwar Mahadev Temple in Mount Abu
Achaleshwar Mahadev Temple is a Lord Shiva temple in the Achalgarh Fort complex. It is believed to be built around the toe impression of Lord Shiva, who is worshiped here as Shiva Linga. It is believed that this Shiva Linga changes color 3 times a day – red in the morning, saffron in the afternoon and wheat in the evening. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, Achaleshwar Mahadev Temple was built by the Paramara dynasty in the 9th century AD. One of the main attractions of the temple is the four tonne statue of Nandi made of Panchdhatu, which is made from special alloys, gold silver, brass etc. Furthermore, there is a chasm within the temple which is believed to be the gateway to Paatal Loka, hell or hell.
Jodhpur
Jodhpur is a very beautiful city of Rajasthan situated in the middle of the desert. On hearing the name of this city, the first thing that comes to mind is the luxurious palaces, world famous forts and excellent palaces etc. This is a city of Rajasthan where thousands of tourists come every day to visit. Especially during monsoon, most of the tourists come to visit.
Mehrangarh Fort
Mehrangarh Fort in Jodhpur is a marvel of Indian architecture from the 15th century. Among the famous places of Jodhpur, this site is spread over an area of 1,200 acres and is situated on the top of a hill. Situated about 122 meters above the plains below, it was built by the Rajput ruler Rao Jodha. Many of the rooms within its complex and the individual palaces are famous for their wonderful carvings and decorations. The museum inside houses various types of relics from the Rajput Empire. You will need hours to explore the entire complex and a guide to walk you through its history.
Toorji's Jhalra (Turji's Stepwell)
Jhalra, or Torji Step Well, is another notable place among the places to visit in Jodhpur. The site is located within the city complex and is easily accessible by local transport. The stepwell was built in the 18th century by a Rajput queen consort. The stepwell has a rich red sandstone formation that lies more than 200 meters underground. Originally the well was used as a public place for drawing water and bathing. Fluctuating water levels made it necessary to build steps when the water level dropped far below the Earth's surface. After visiting Mehrangarh Fort, you can visit the well and enjoy the coolness of the clear water here.
Umaid Bhawan Palace Museum
The Umaid Bhawan Palace in Jodhpur is actually currently a hotel. However, a part of the hotel has been kept open for visitors to see some of the rare antiques and collectibles of the royal families in Rajasthan. The palace itself was built in the 20th century and was built by Maharaja Umed Singh. The museum houses many paintings and personal property of the royals. There is a car museum which has some collectible cars on display. The entry fee is minimal, and you can wander around the place to get a glimpse of the architecture. Additionally, you can also stay in a hotel and enjoy its beauty to the fullest.
Jaswant Thada
Jaswant Thada is situated in the premises of Jodhpur city and is one of the places worth seeing in Jodhpur. The memorial, dedicated to Maharaja Sardar Singh, was built in 1899. The intricate architecture and carved windows of this place are a special attraction for tourists and visitors. There is also a small lake located within the marble walls of the crematorium. You can visit this place and see this display of Indian architecture. There are also many paintings of Rajput rulers within its complex. You can easily reach the place by public transport in the city itself.